US Tokenization Series | Part 1 of 4

Same share. Four things you can own.

From the private ledger to the first delivered share, on the traditional rail and the tokenized rail. Select a joint to see who runs it, what it costs and which rule binds it.

← Series index

Stages 1 to 5 issuance | 6 to 9 trade | 10 holder. Status as of 5 Nov 2026 (v1.0).

Running example$100M IPO
Spread at 7%$7.0M
SEC fee, impliedAbout $13,810
Tokenized live since28 Oct 2026
Inlet: an issuer with a private ledger, and a choice of what kind of token to create.

Four inlets, one pipe

A. DTC entitlement token

Record stays at DTC. Live since 28 Oct 2026.

LIVE
B. Issuer-sponsored token

Transfer agent's file is the record. Announced.

ANNOUNCED
C. Third-party custodial token

Real shares in custody. Ondo, live 2 Jul 2026.

LIVE
D. Synthetic token

A claim on a third party. No vote. Excluded from the exemption.

NOT THE STOCK

Model D meets a closed valve: synthetic tokens are excluded from the Innovation Exemption and carry no vote in the issuer.

The pipe

Select a joint to see who runs it, the fee and the rule on each rail.

Traditional rail
Tokenized rail
  1. Traditional rail

    Company or agent keeps a stock ledger; transfers by board or agent action.

    About $1 per shareholder tabulation, $45 rush transfer (illustrative small-cap schedule)

    Company counsel, cap-table vendors, private transfer agents

    Securities Act exemptions, Delaware ledger rules, UCC Article 8

    Tokenized rail

    Delaware lets a distributed ledger be the stock ledger, since 1 Aug 2017. Exodus issued stock natively onchain in late 2024.

    Not published

    Securitize TA (SEC-registered, 21 chains)

    Still subject to the 1933 and 1934 Acts. Outside the Innovation Exemption, which covers NMS stock only.

  2. Traditional rail

    Draft registration, staff comments, effectiveness, Rule 424(b) prospectus, Form 8-A.

    SEC fee about $138.10 per $1M, so about $13,810 on $100M

    Issuer counsel, auditors, financial printers, EDGAR agents

    Securities Act Section 5, Regulation S-K

    Tokenized rail

    The law is unchanged. My inference: the S-1 should describe the token form, the ledger and the transfer agent.

    Same registration fee

    Plus the tokenization platform and transfer agent. Securitize filed its own S-1 in 2026.

    No primary issuance on a tokenized venue. Regulation Crypto Assets (proposed) is not the route for equity.

  3. Traditional rail

    Firm-commitment syndicate, roadshow, bookbuilding, pricing, over-allotment.

    Spread 4% to 7%, 7% for mid-size deals. $7.0M on $100M. Common split 20/20/60.

    Lead bookrunners and syndicate members

    Securities Act, FINRA underwriting rules, Regulation M

    Tokenized rail

    Securitize and Cantor Fitzgerald announced a framework to run IPOs and follow-ons onchain (15 Jul 2026). No deal named.

    No pricing disclosed. My analysis: the 60% selling concession is the exposed slice.

    Cantor Fitzgerald, Securitize Markets

    Same. The deal must be registered or exempt.

  4. Traditional rail

    Issuer gets a CUSIP, appoints a transfer agent. Underwriter sponsors DTC eligibility.

    $1,000 per new CUSIP at DTC, charged to the transfer agent

    Computershare (about 58% of S&P 500 per one aggregator), Continental, Equiniti, DTC

    Exchange Act Section 17A

    Tokenized rail

    Same CUSIP and symbol on Nasdaq (approved Mar 2026). For issuer-sponsored tokens the transfer agent keeps the register and mints the token.

    No incremental CUSIP fee. DTC tokenization fees not published.

    Securitize TA, Computershare issuer-sponsored tokens, Oasis Pro TA

    Transfer agent proposal of 1 Sep 2026 (blockchain as official record, Form TA-2). Not final.

  5. Traditional rail

    Net proceeds to the issuer, shares delivered through DTC. T+1, with a T+2 allowance for late-priced deals.

    Wire

    Underwriters, DTC

    Rule 15c6-1, prospectus delivery

    Tokenized rail

    Shares enter DTC book entry first, then convert to tokens within the 34-security list. Onchain primary delivery is not yet demonstrated.

    Wire today

    DTC participants. Securitize placed its own stock on Avalanche and Solana.

    The exemption bars primary issuance on a tokenized venue.

Outlet: a delivered share, held as a DTC position or a token. Part 2 sells $10,000 of it.
Research information, not legal or investment advice. Status as of 5 November 2026 (series v1.0), United States only. Compiled from the public sources on the status page. Items marked [K] are standard market-structure background not re-verified in this research pass. Highlighted cells are analysis or projection, not sourced fact.

Sources: DTCC, SEC Innovation Exemption, SEC staff statement of 28 Jan 2026, Nasdaq, Broadridge, Ondo, Securitize, a May 2026 S-1 fee exhibit, PwC IPO study. The numbered list is on the status page.